What type of turbine does not have a nozzle to direct steam but has a set of fixed blades?

The reaction turbine is characterized by its use of both fixed and moving blades, where the steam or water undergoes a pressure drop as it flows through the turbine. Unlike impulse turbines, which utilize nozzles to direct a high-velocity steam jet onto the blades, reaction turbines generate thrust through the pressure of the fluid acting on both the fixed and moving blades. The fixed blades in a reaction turbine help to convert the pressure energy of the steam into kinetic energy, enabling the turbine to operate smoothly and efficiently without the need for nozzles to direct the flow.

In contrast, impulse turbines rely heavily on the conversion of kinetic energy from the steam jet directed by nozzles, and the Pelton turbine specifically uses a similar principle with water jets, focusing on impulse action. The Francis turbine combines both reaction and impulse elements but is primarily categorized as a reaction turbine due to its design and operation.