What causes foaming in a boiler during operation?

Foaming in a boiler during operation is primarily caused by high levels of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). When TDS levels are elevated, it can lead to a concentration of impurities in the water. These impurities can react with the heat in the boiler, creating steam bubbles that do not break properly, resulting in foam. This foam can hinder proper steam generation, reduce efficiency, and even lead to carryover of water into the steam lines, which can cause damage to equipment and impact overall performance.

Maintaining appropriate TDS levels is crucial for preventing foaming, as it ensures that the water remains clear of excessive minerals and contaminants that disrupt the boiling process. Regular blowdown and water treatment processes are implemented to help control TDS levels within acceptable limits, thereby minimizing the risk of foaming in the boiler.